Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) is characterized as renal dysfunction secondary to a reduction in renal blood flow (RBF) occurring in the setting of underlying cirrhosis and portal hypertension. It is a severe complication of advanced liver disease and characteristically affects patients with cirrhosis and ascites
The pathophysiologic hallmark of HRS is severe vasoconstriction of the renal circulation. Pathogenesis of this vasoconstriction involves a complex interaction between increased portal pressure, changes in the systemic arterial circulation, activation of vasoconstrictor factors and suppression of vasodilator factors acting on the renal circulation.
Individuals with HRS will have a variety of nonspecific symptoms including fatigue, abdominal pain, malaise, affected individuals may also have symptoms related to advanced liver disease including the ascites, jaundice, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and others.
HRS type I is characterized by a rapid decrease in kidney function and more likely to suffer from hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatorenal syndrome type II causes renal dysfunction that generally progresses much slower than it does in type
The treatment of Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS) includes the Liver transplantation as the definitive treatment for HRS, but it is not always possible owing to the short survival expectancy. Nevertheless, liver transplantation should still be done in suitable patients even after the improvement of renal function because the outcome of HRS is poor. Therapies introduced during the past few years, such as vasoconstrictor drugs (vasopressin analogs, α-adrenergic agonists) or the transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), are effective in improving renal function.
Source:- Hepatorenal Syndrome Market
Comments